活性炭吸附法处理麦麸膳食纤维废水的研究

采用活性炭吸附的方法来处理麦麸膳食纤维废水。实验结果表明,当活性炭的投入量为160 g/L,接触时间为20 m in,温度为55℃,pH值在小于5的条件下能有效处理该废水,CODC r的去除率最高达96.89%,BOD5的去除率最高达96.61%。     

Fenton试剂处理苯酚和甲醛废水的研究

用H2O2同Fe^2 结合的Fenton试剂处理有机废水是一种经典的催化氧化法，这种方法适合于处理废水中高浓度、难降解的有机物质。主要研究了Fenton试剂处理含苯酚和甲醛有机废水样的反应机理和影响因素，试验结果表明：废水中苯酚和甲醛的去除率均可达到95％以上，COD去除率达到85％以上，表明用Fenton法处理含苯酚和甲醛的有机废水是一种非常有效的方法。     

Simultaneous recovery of copper and surfactant by an electrolytic process from synthetic solution prepared to simulate a concentrate waste stream of a micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration process

Electroplating method was employed to recover copper and surfactant simultaneously from synthetic solutions prepared to simulate concentrated waste stream generated from micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration. Effects of surfactant and copper (II) concentrations, surfactant to copper (II) molar ratio (S/M), electroplating voltage and time, solution pH, and ionic strength on metal recovery and electrical current efficiency were investigated. Results show that at a fixed S/M ratio of 5, the first-order kinetic constant for Cu (II) removal by electroplating increases with decreasing SDS concentration. At fixed SDS concentration of 8.5 mM, increasing initial Cu (II) concentration increases both Cu (II) recovery and current efficiency. Electrolyte pH has profound effects on the metal recovery and current efficiency due to the difference in solution conductivity after pH adjustment and the extent of Cu (II) adsorption onto SDS at different pHs.     

Degree of crosslinking and mechanical properties of crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) beads for use in solid-phase organic synthesis

The limited swellability in polar media of the commonly used polystyrene/divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) support materials for solid-phase organic synthesis has led to the development of novel, highly swellable hydrophilic gels designed for use in aqueous or polar media. Poly(vinyl alcohol) beads crosslinked with epichlorohydrin (PVA-EP) were prepared by a two-step inverse-suspension polymerization method. While it is known that the morphology of the resulting beads can be controlled by the ratio of EP versus PVA as well as by the pre-crosslinking time, the actual degree of crosslinking of the beads and their mechanical properties remain unknown. It is therefore the purpose of this study to evaluate the actual degree of crosslinking of beads prepared with different quantities of crosslinker in the feed by spectroscopic (Raman, nuclear magnetic resonance) and chemical (functional group loading) methods. The mechanical properties of these swollen PVA-EP beads will be evaluated by single-bead unconfined compression in solvents such as water, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and tetrahydrofuran (THF) and compared to model PS-DVB beads commonly used for solid phase synthesis.     

中氮肥煤造气技术改造调查与评述（上）

重点调查了９０年代以来，全国以煤焦为原料的中氮厂造气工序技术改造的基本情况，对技术改造的效果和存在的问题作了全面的评述，为各企业技术改造提供了一份可借鉴和参考的资料     

国外废旧塑料的再生利用

简述了废旧塑料的处理方法。着重介绍了世界工业发达国家,如美国、西欧、日本等国家近年来废旧塑料再生利用的情况及部分公司废旧塑料的再生回收技术。在世界性节能和节约资源的浪潮中,我国有关部门与行业应努力借鉴国外经验,开发废旧塑料的再生利用技术。     

热法磷酸的发展趋势与研究方向

简述了工业制磷酸的生产方法和热法磷酸生产工艺的发展,分析了热法磷酸今后的发展方向,提出了热法磷酸燃烧塔结膜物的研究课题。     

厌氧发酵处理味精废水中氯离子的影响

在3L 的CSTR 型厌氧反应器中研究了味精废水厌氧处理中氯离子毒性的反应。试验证明,已中毒的厌氧过程只要Cl~-浓度降至抑制限以下,厌氧过程就可在15～20d 内恢复,在恢复期间加入新污泥有利于恢复过程。保持足够大的SRT 和污泥浓度对于处理含有毒物的废水很有效。对本研究,SRT 得大于20d,污泥浓度在15～24g/L 左右就可达到较好的处理效率。Cl~-的抑制浓度对污泥浓度分别为24.28g/L,15.18g/L 和6.07g/L 时,Cl~-的抑制浓度分别是7750mg/L,7250mg/L和6300mg/L。此外,本文提出以I=S_(Cl)/X_v~n作为判断Cl~-抑制的指标。当COD 去除率大于80%时,n=0.1519。因此,要使过程的COD 去除率分别大于80%,85%和90%时,I 就得分别小于4.7,4.1和3.6。并且污泥浓度必须大于6.07g/L。     

Transformation of β-Ni(OH)2 to NiO nano-sheets via surface nanocrystalline zirconia coating: Shape and size retention

Shape and size of the synthesized NiO nano-sheets were retained during transformation of sheet-like β-Ni(OH)₂ to NiO at elevated temperatures via nano-sized zirconia coating on the surface of β-Ni(OH)₂. The average grain size was 6.42 nm after 600 °C treatment and slightly increased to 10 nm after 1000 °C treatment, showing effective sintering retardation between NiO nano-sheets. The excellent thermal stability revealed potential application at elevated temperatures, especially for high temperature catalysts and solid-state electrochemical devices.     

热管技术在硫酸工业余热利用中的应用

介绍了江苏圣诺热管集团根据硫酸工业余热的特点特别研制的“分离套管式—热管余热蒸汽发生器系统”。该系统应用于硫酸生产中高、中、低温余热的利用，克服了水管式余热锅炉因经常爆管而造成停产的缺点，也因取消了炉气进口侧高温高压管板，避免了管壳式余热锅炉进口管板极易烧坏的事故，同时解决了烟气温度调节的难题，经济效益是明显的。